Azelaic acid (pronounced “az-uh-LAY-ik”) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is also produced by the Malassezia furfur yeast, which is a common commensal organism on the skin. Azelaic acid has been shown to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and comedolytic (comedone-reducing) properties, making it an effective treatment for a variety of skin conditions, including acne, rosacea, and hyperpigmentation.
Azelaic acid works by inhibiting the growth of bacteria and fungi, reducing inflammation, and promoting cell turnover. It is also thought to interfere with the production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color, which can help to lighten dark spots and hyperpigmentation. Azelaic acid is generally well-tolerated, with the most common side effects being mild skin irritation and dryness.
